Though not related to chilli peppers or black pepper, the aromatic seed husks of Sichuan pepper trees (Zanthoxylum simulans) are dried and used as a spice in many Asian cuisines. Unlike black pepper, Sichuan pepper has a bright citrusy flavour and contains natural compounds called sanshools, which create its distinctive tingling, numbing sensation. This unique effect enhances and balances spicy foods, making flavours seem brighter and more complex without adding significant heat.
Sichuan pepper, or Chinese Prickly Ash, is a deciduous shrub or small tree with small, creamy flowers in spring, followed by vibrant red fruit and bright yellow fall foliage. Featuring prehistoric thorns, black bark and strongly scented leaves, Sichuan pepper trees are a unique addition to any garden.
Plant in full sun to part shade and expect them to grow 8-15 feet tall. Don’t worry about the cold - they are hardy to Zone 5. They are also resistant to deer, who don't like their strongly scented leaves.
The Sichuan pepper trees are usually dioecious, with separate male and female plants, although some individuals may produce both male and female flowers. Our plants are grown from seed and have not yet been sexed, so we recommend planting several to increase the odds of having both the female flowers needed for seed production and the male flowers needed for pollen production.
Common names: Sichuan Pepper, Szechuan Pepper, Szechwan Pepper, Sechuan Pepper, Chinese Pepper, Chinese Prickly-Ash, Flatspine Prickly-Ash
Edible: Seed husks, leaves and young shoots
Harvest timing: Late summer
Scientific name: Zanthoxylum simulans (related to the citrus family)
Light requirements: Full sun to part sun
Full-grown size: 8-15' tall x 6-12' wide
Hardiness: Zone 5
Pollination: Trees may be male, female, or produce both male and female flowers. Female flowers require pollen from male flowers for fruit and seed production.
Wildlife: Attracts pollinators
Origin: China and Taiwan
Noteworthy: Unique culinary uses, including Sichuan cuisine, 5-spice powder, chilli oils, marinades and rubs.
